@article{Harasim_Madej_Zarychta_2021, title={Agri-environmental aspects of the activity of farms with different production profiles}, volume={46}, url={https://redakcjapja.iung.pl/index.php/pja/article/view/119}, DOI={10.26114/pja.iung.469.2021.46}, abstractNote={<p><span id="page1808R_mcid2" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: 159.648px; top: 471.592px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.04867);" role="presentation">The results of own research and literature data indi</span></span><span id="page1808R_mcid3" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: 479.257px; top: 471.592px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif;" role="presentation">-</span></span><span id="page1808R_mcid4" class="markedContent"><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 94.4882px; top: 489.592px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.08809);" role="presentation">cate that the specialization (different production profiles) of</span></span><span id="page1808R_mcid5" class="markedContent"><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 94.4882px; top: 507.592px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.03934);" role="presentation">farms may contribute to specific threats to the natural environ</span></span><span id="page1808R_mcid6" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: 479.257px; top: 507.592px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif;" role="presentation">-</span></span><span id="page1808R_mcid7" class="markedContent"><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 94.4882px; top: 525.592px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.04111);" role="presentation">ment. Each type of farm exerts pressure on the environment to</span></span><span id="page1808R_mcid8" class="markedContent"><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 94.4882px; top: 543.592px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.06957);" role="presentation">a greater or lesser extent, which was confirmed by agri-envi</span></span><span id="page1808R_mcid9" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: 479.257px; top: 543.592px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif;" role="presentation">-</span></span><span id="page1808R_mcid10" class="markedContent"><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 94.4882px; top: 561.592px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.02411);" role="presentation">ronmental indicators. Accordingly to literature data the greatest</span></span><span id="page1808R_mcid11" class="markedContent"><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 94.4882px; top: 579.592px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00192);" role="presentation">threat to the environment (water pollution) pose pig farms due to</span></span><span id="page1808R_mcid12" class="markedContent"><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 94.4882px; top: 597.592px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01303);" role="presentation">the high stocking density that contributes to unfavorable (exces</span></span><span id="page1808R_mcid13" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: 479.257px; top: 597.592px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif;" role="presentation">-</span></span><span id="page1808R_mcid14" class="markedContent"><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 94.4882px; top: 615.592px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.04688);" role="presentation">sive) balances of minerals and soil organic matter. Large posi</span></span><span id="page1808R_mcid15" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: 479.257px; top: 615.592px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif;" role="presentation">-</span></span><span id="page1808R_mcid16" class="markedContent"><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 94.4882px; top: 633.592px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.03207);" role="presentation">tive balances indicate the potential losses of these components,</span></span><span id="page1808R_mcid17" class="markedContent"><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 94.4882px; top: 651.592px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01972);" role="presentation">mainly due to their leaching to groundwater and surface waters,</span></span><span id="page1808R_mcid18" class="markedContent"><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 94.4882px; top: 669.592px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.994497);" role="presentation">and consequently to their pollution (eutrophication). On the other</span></span><span id="page1808R_mcid19" class="markedContent"><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 94.4882px; top: 687.592px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00379);" role="presentation">hand, farms with field crops had high risk of decrease in soil fer</span></span><span id="page1808R_mcid20" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: 479.257px; top: 687.592px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif;" role="presentation">-</span></span><span id="page1808R_mcid21" class="markedContent"><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 94.4882px; top: 705.592px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.0032);" role="presentation">tility due to negative balances of nutrients. The smallest threat to</span></span><span id="page1808R_mcid22" class="markedContent"><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 94.4882px; top: 723.592px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.992433);" role="presentation">the natural environment and soil fertility were observed for farms</span></span><span id="page1808R_mcid23" class="markedContent"><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 94.4882px; top: 741.592px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.07465);" role="presentation">with a mixed plant-animal production as well as cattle farms</span></span><span id="page1808R_mcid24" class="markedContent"><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 94.4882px; top: 759.592px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.03407);" role="presentation">specializing in milk production (with optimal livestock density</span></span><span id="page1808R_mcid25" class="markedContent"><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 94.4882px; top: 777.592px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.02458);" role="presentation">of about 1 DJP</span> <span dir="ltr" style="left: 190.188px; top: 777.592px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00071);" role="presentation">ha</span></span><span id="page1808R_mcid26" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: 204.346px; top: 777.288px; font-size: 8.745px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.997888);" role="presentation">-1</span></span><span id="page1808R_mcid27" class="markedContent"><span dir="ltr" style="left: 211.631px; top: 777.592px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01668);" role="presentation">). Under certain conditions, cattle farms may</span></span><span id="page1808R_mcid28" class="markedContent"><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 94.4882px; top: 795.592px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.05668);" role="presentation">have too high balances of soil organic matter, and at the same</span></span><span id="page1808R_mcid29" class="markedContent"><br role="presentation" /><span dir="ltr" style="left: 94.4882px; top: 813.592px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00043);" role="presentation">time negative balances of NPK minerals.</span></span></p>}, number={46}, journal={Polish Journal of Agronomy}, author={Harasim, Adam and Madej, Andrzej and Zarychta, Mariusz}, year={2021}, month={wrz.}, pages={3–8} }