TY - JOUR AU - Przybyś, Marcin PY - 2020/12/30 Y2 - 2024/03/29 TI - Incidence of viruses and viroids in Polish hop gardens JF - Polish Journal of Agronomy JA - pja VL - 43 IS - 43 SE - Artykuły DO - 10.26114/pja.iung.407.2020.43.08 UR - https://redakcjapja.iung.pl/index.php/pja/article/view/105 SP - 76-82 AB - <p><span style="left: 157.61px; top: 469.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.994958);">Viruses and viroids cause losses in hop production and </span><span style="left: 94.4882px; top: 487.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.05923);">are very difficult to eliminate, they spread easily and infected </span><span style="left: 94.4882px; top: 505.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.04755);">plants become a source of infection for other plants in the hop </span><span style="left: 94.4882px; top: 523.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.0031);">garden. Hop infected with viruses or viroids usually do not show </span><span style="left: 94.4882px; top: 541.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.0082);">any symptoms of disease, which makes it difficult to identify in</span><span style="left: 479.257px; top: 541.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif;">-</span><span style="left: 94.4882px; top: 559.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.02055);">fected plants and prevents their elimination from the plantation. </span><span style="left: 94.4882px; top: 577.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01281);">Monitoring is of utmost importance to detect and eradicate at an </span><span style="left: 94.4882px; top: 595.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.995601);">early stage first sources of infection with pathogens that have po</span><span style="left: 479.257px; top: 595.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif;">-</span><span style="left: 94.4882px; top: 613.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.0128);">tentially catastrophic impacts on hop production. The aim of the </span><span style="left: 94.4882px; top: 631.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.02781);">study was determine the incidence of </span><span style="left: 328.571px; top: 631.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.960211);">Hop latent virus</span><span style="left: 428.562px; top: 631.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.02113);"> (HpLV), </span><span style="left: 94.4882px; top: 649.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.974971);">Arabis mosaic virus</span><span style="left: 218.741px; top: 649.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.03445);"> (ArMV), </span><span style="left: 284.232px; top: 649.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.964205);">Hop stunt viroid</span><span style="left: 386.264px; top: 649.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.03579);"> (HSVd), </span><span style="left: 449.264px; top: 649.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.959035);">Apple </span><span style="left: 94.4882px; top: 667.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.985207);">fruit crinkle viroid</span><span style="left: 211.018px; top: 667.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.981738);"> (AFCVd) and </span><span style="left: 310.834px; top: 667.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00094);">Citrus bark cracking viroid</span><span style="left: 94.4882px; top: 685.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.04286);">(CBCVd) in Polish hop gardens. Hop leaves from commercial </span><span style="left: 94.4882px; top: 703.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.02986);">hop gardens and a propagation facility were tested by RT-PCR. </span><span style="left: 94.4882px; top: 721.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00227);">On the basis of the obtained results, HpLV was found to occur in </span><span style="left: 94.4882px; top: 739.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(0.952518);">a few hop gardens in all regions of hop cultivation in Poland. </span><span style="left: 94.4882px; top: 757.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.07423);">HSVd was found in one hop garden and ArMV, AFCVd and </span><span style="left: 94.4882px; top: 775.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.00832);">CBCVd were not found in any of the tested samples. The results </span><span style="left: 94.4882px; top: 793.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.01168);">provided knowledge about these pathogens and will be useful in </span><span style="left: 94.4882px; top: 811.475px; font-size: 15px; font-family: serif; transform: scaleX(1.0005);">effective management of the risk of these dangerous diseases.</span></p> ER -